How do logic gates apply in everyday electronics?
Logic gates are integral to devices like computers, mobile phones, and automated systems, where they process digital signals to perform specific functions.
Why are NAND and NOR gates called universal gates?
NAND and NOR gates are called universal because they can be used to implement any other basic logic gate, making them crucial for digital circuit design.
What are basic logic gates?
Basic logic gates, including OR, AND, NOT, and XOR, perform fundamental operations on binary inputs to produce a single output, based on Boolean algebra.
Why are isotopes important in science?
Isotopes are crucial for various scientific applications, including medical imaging, cancer treatment, carbon dating in archaeology, and tracing environmental changes.
How did Bohr’s atomic model differ from Rutherford’s?
Bohr’s model introduced quantum mechanics into the atomic structure, proposing that electrons orbit the nucleus in fixed paths or shells and can jump between these shells by emitting or absorbing energy.
What did Rutherford discover about the atom?
Ernest Rutherford discovered the nucleus of the atom and proposed that atoms consist mostly of empty space, with a dense central nucleus.
Who discovered the electron?
J.J. Thomson discovered the electron in 1897 during his experiments with cathode rays.
What is atomic structure?
Atomic structure refers to the arrangement of protons, neutrons, and electrons within an atom. Protons and neutrons form the nucleus, while electrons orbit this nucleus.
What practical applications does SHM have?
SHM is foundational in designing clocks, electronic oscillators, sensors, and various other devices that require precise periodic movements or signal generation.
How are the period and frequency of SHM determined?
The period (T) of SHM is the time it takes to complete one full cycle, and the frequency (f) is the number of cycles per second. These are related by the equations $\boldsymbol{T = \frac{2\pi}{\omega}}$ and $\boldsymbol{f = \frac{1}{T}}$
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