Sustainable Management of Natural Resources Class 10 Project

Pollution in River Ganga

• The Ganga serves as a sewage disposal site for more than a hundred cities dispersed throughout the states of West Bengal, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. The river has turned into a drain due to the disposal of untreated sewage. 
• The toxicity of the water affects the vegetation and animals of the river system.
• The Ganga Action Plan (GAP) project was started in 1985 to improve the poor water quality of the Ganges River.

Five R’s to Save the Environment

Refuse: Saying no to activities that will harm our planet or declining stuff you don’t need is a better way to save our environment. Avoid single-use plastic carry bags and harmful items that are dangerous for the environment.

Reduce: This step means using less. For instance, avoiding food waste, turning off switches to conserve electricity, fixing leaky faucets to save water, and minimising the amount of water used for bathing.

Reuse: This means reusing an item rather than throwing it away. Many things cannot be recycled or require a lot of energy; instead, we can utilise them for other purposes. For e.g., reusing plastic bottles and cutlery. 

Recycle: Recycling items such as scraps of paper, plastic, glass, or metal. 

Repurpose: This means that when a product can no longer be used for its intended function, consider using it in a different way. For instance, you can plant small plants in used plastic bottles.  

Need to Manage Natural Resources

• Natural resources are being destroyed at an alarming rate as a result of the growing population and the rising demands of changing lifestyles. Resource management must be a fundamental aspect of our society in order to ensure the equitable and sustainable allocation of resources and the minimisation of environmental harm.
• We must use our natural resources wisely because they are finite, and their management demands long-term thinking to last for future generations. This is known as Sustainable management of natural resources.
• The proper management of natural resources prevents their exploitation by taking into account a long-term perspective.
• All people can profit from the use of natural resources if they are distributed fairly through effective management.
• The correct management will examine the environmental harm brought on by the “extraction” or “use” of natural resources and find measures to reduce this harm.
• As the population grows, there is a greater demand for resources, which are being used up exponentially faster.
• In order to meet demand, industries are being forced to plunder our natural resources.

Forest and Wildlife 

• Forests are hotspots for biodiversity. The number of species of various life forms, such as fungi, bacteria, insects, plants, and animals that provide energy, constitutes an area’s biodiversity.
• A hotspot is a region rich in biological diversity.

Stakeholders 

Forest stakeholders are the people who depend on forest products and spend their lives near the woods. Indian government’s Forest Department is the land and resource owner of forest land. Industrialists use forest products to make goods. For example, Tendu leaves are used by industrialists for bidis and paper mills. They share responsibility for preserving nature in its pristine state, such as conservationists and animal enthusiasts.

Management of Forests

• Afforestation for the growth of forests on unused, bare land without protection is a must. Van Mahotsava is a movement to plant trees that are carried out by both governmental and non-governmental organisations twice a year (in February and July).
• Reforestation is necessary to establish forest cover in an area that has suffered damage.
• The amount of grazing should also be reduced. 
• Deforestation to remove, reduce, or degrade the region’s forest cover. 

Chipko Movement

• The conflict between local residents and industrialists in the 1970s led to the Chipko Andolan (also known as the “Hug the Trees Movement”).
• It originally originated in the Himalayan region of Reni Garhwal.
• The government was forced to reconsider how it managed forest resources as the campaign quickly acquired support and media attention. For instance, West Bengal’s Sal Forest was protected in 1972.
• Local participation is crucial for the management of forest resources.

Sustainable Development

• Stakeholders of forest resources must be satisfied for there to be sustainable development.
• Contradictions between local residents and industrialists result from companies utilising wood at rates substantially below those set by the market.
• The Arabari forests in West Bengal are highly renowned for being protected areas. Locals helped to build a community and cooperate with the village police and forest officials to make sure that there was no illegal deforestation or animal hunting, or land poaching, which helped the forest gain popularity.

Water Resource 

• All terrestrial life requires water to survive.
• Water scarcity causes severe poverty. 
• Due to the loss of vegetation and the emission of industrial effluents, the groundwater level does not rise despite the monsoon.
• Decrease in freshwater that can be used as a result of water table destruction and water cycle disruption.

Dams 

Benefits of Dams

• They are used in watering crops through a canal system. Dams guarantee year-round water supply to agricultural areas and aid in increasing agricultural output.
• After the proper treatment, pipes deliver water from a dam to residents of towns and cities. By building dams, the area is guaranteed a steady flow of water.
• Electricity is produced from the dam water. As it pours over the dam, water drives turbines that power electric generators.

Water Harvesting 

The practice of collecting rainwater and storing them for future use is known as water harvesting. The major objective behind this age-old practice is to replenish the groundwater below as well as to hold the surface water.

Benefits of collecting water:

• Refuels wells and helps flora get moisture that helps in their growth. 
• It does not offer mosquito breeding grounds.
• The level of the groundwater rises.

Coal and Petroleum

The Earth’s crust contains fossil fuels like coal and petroleum. They are finite and non-renewable resources.

• Coal: This fossil fuel is made from the building up of compacted plant remnants. This flammable fossilised rock is used for industrial purposes, cooking, heating, etc. Thermal power plants require coal.
• Petroleum: Petroleum, a different kind of fossil fuel, was created in the past (approx. 10 to 20 billion years ago) from plant and animal remains. It is a mineral fuel that is found in sedimentary rocks. It is mainly used in transportation. Other uses of this fuel include agricultural operations, generators, and other businesses. 

Need to Conserve Natural Resources

• Decomposing vegetation usually makes fossil fuels. Created over millions of years, they have a significant amount of carbon.
• One drawback of these fossil fuels is that they produce hazardous gases. By polluting the environment, they cause global warming.

Simple Choices for Energy Conservation

• Choosing public transport to reduce vehicle numbers
• Opting for LED bulbs that conserve energy
• Taking the stairs

We hope your “sustainable management of natural resources class 10 project” is successful. Let’s strive to preserve our mother nature! There can be used as sustainable management of natural resources class 10 notes as well.