The relationship between energy and mass is famously explained by Einstein's theory of relativity, specifically through the equation:

\boldsymbol

Where:

  • \boldsymbol is the energy,
  • \boldsymbol is the mass of the object,
  • \boldsymbol is the speed of light in a vacuum (\boldsymbol\approx 3 \times 10^8 , \textbf}).