The relationship between energy and mass is famously explained by Einstein’s theory of relativity, specifically through the equation:

\boldsymbol{E = mc^2}

Where:

  • \boldsymbol{E} is the energy,
  • \boldsymbol{m} is the mass of the object,
  • \boldsymbol{c} is the speed of light in a vacuum (\boldsymbol\approx 3 \times 10^8 , \textbf{m/s}}).